UI/UX Design • User Research

TrailFindr

Trail navigation user research and design for a mobile phone application
The home screen of the TrailFindr mobile app, it links to an interactive prototype of the application.

Overview

Introduction

A trail navigation application to help you locate and traverse any trail in your local area.

Users/Audience
  • Hikers
  • Backpackers
  • Trail runners
  • Mountain bikers
  • Rock climbers
  • Campers
  • Fishermen
  • Bird watchers
  • Walkers
  • Or any other activity on a trail.
Role/Responsibilities
  • UI/UX Designer
  • – User Research
    – User Testing
    – Visual Design
  • Mentor/Contributor to visual design and user research
  • – Anthony Faria from AFDG.
Constraints
  • 8–10 week project timeline
  • Single sign-in integration
  • Fitness/wearable integration
  • Payment/passport integration.

Problem Statements

Process

Within my framework of Discover, Define, Create, and Test I connected with users about their trail experience to discover the user's goals and determine the tasks needed to accomplish those goals. I explored the user further by conducting user research to gain insight into their needs. I applied UX methodologies to define the tasks needed to accomplish those goals on the trail. I created wireframes and a prototype for a visual representation of those tasks. And finally, I tested the product to find gaps in the application's user interface and corrected any issues that arose. I've broken out my framework phases in more detail below.

Discover

Starting the process: understanding the needs of the user on the trail

I reached out to users through a survey questionnaire to gain insights into their behavior (frustrations, goals, etc.) when partaking in activities out on the trail.

Distilled user insights gained through interviews

The Users’ Needs:
  • Find trails close to the users' location.
  • Locate trails that correspond to the users' skill level.
  • Get detailed information on a trail.
  • Track my fitness activity out on a trail.
  • A way to pay park/trail fees. (varies by location)
  • Locate pet friendly trails.
  • Determine if a trail is crowded or not.
  • Reliable GPS.
The Users’ Goals:
  • Enjoy nature.
  • Get exercise.
  • Share their trail experiences.
  • Evaluate their trail experience.
  • Enjoy outdoor activities with their pet.
  • Enjoy outdoor activities with family.
  • Find trails that match the users’ requirements.

Define

Brainstorming to understanding barriers to success

I generated pessimistic questions to understand the challenges facing the long-term future of the product.

Can We…

Create a forum to allow users to share their trail experiences with their friends?

Can We…

Provide users a map to track themselves without the need of a cell signal to get around the trail?

Can We…

Build out a feature that allows the user to track their workouts?

Can We…

Help keep users safe while they are out exploring the trail?

Looking for advantages

I expanded my thinking by asking, “How Might We…” questions to change my perspective from thinking about problems to finding opportunities within the product.

How might we…

Make connecting with other users easy?

How might we…

Make navigating the trail easier?

How might we…

Get users to use our app more often?

How might we…

Become the go to app for outdoor activities on the trail?

How might we…

Reward users for using the application?

How might we…

Motivate users to engage in exercise on the trail?

How might we…

Make the app appeal to users of all skill levels?

How might we…

Make paying trail fees, parking fees, etc… more convenient for users?

Getting from the finish to the beginning: the customer journey

I created a customer map to understand users’ goals and discover the tasks/steps they need to complete to achieve those goals. By defining the users' goal I can then work backward from that goal straight to the customer to gain a better understanding of what their needs are to accomplish those goals.

Task analysis: rate my trail experience

Goal
Rate/Review my trail experience
Step
7
Write a review and rate the trail
Step
6
Icon for mobile phone scrolling.
Scroll down to the review section on the trail detail’s screen
Step
5

After completing the activity, locate the trail detail’s screen for the trail you are rating

Step
4

Engage in an activity on the trail you 
are rating

Step
3

Use the explore function on the menu bar to locate the desired trail you want to rate

Step
2

Create account

Step
1

Download app

Focus on what’s important: minimum valuable product

I created an effort impact matrix to determine the best tasks to focus on for maximum value with minimum effort.

Low Effort High Impact
  • Create account with email, and password sign-up
  • Single sign-in options: Google sign-in, Facebook sign-in, Apple sign-in
  • Create an awards program for workouts/activites completed on tails
  • Favorite’s list
  • Profiles - searchable so users can find one another, connect, and share content
  • Browse trail reviews
  • Pop-up alert on phone - rate the trail reminder
Low Effort Low Impact
  • Driving Directions/Navigation to Trail
  • Fitness Apps Integration
High Effort High Impact
  • Downloadable maps - location tracking on trail w/o cell signal
  • Social media feed
  • Record Fitness Stats within application
  • Alerts integration - dangerous conditions/Wildlife
  • Popular times graph (how busy is the park/trail right now), or filter trails by trail traffic
  • Filter trails by proximity to users’ GPS location
  • Filter trails by difficulty level (easy, intermediate, hard)
  • Filter trails by star rating
  • Filter trails by suitability: pet friendly, kid friendly, paved trails
  • Filter trails by features (waterfall)
High Effort Low Impact
  • Wearables integration, or create a feature that gathers exercise data from a wearable
  • Wallet/Passport feature to Pay fees, and hold park passes

Personas

I created personas to get a deeper understanding of the users’ needs and goals to build empathy with target users and focus on their world.

Casual Hiker
Portrait of casual hiker.
Wendy Sanchez
  • Age: 31
  • Gender: Female, Hispanic
  • Family: Married, 1 child, plans on having more children in the future
  • Education: Bachelors Degree
  • Location: Short Pump, VA
  • Work: Social Media Manager
  • Income: $85,000/yr.
Goals
  • Spur of the moment activity without any hassles.
  • Looking for a trail with easy walk-ability.
  • Wants to hike a trail that is not strenuous.
  • Needs to be able to know if the trails are pet and stroller friendly.
  • Wants to give her favorite trail high marks as it fits her needs.
  • Wants to share his great experience with others.
Needs
  • An easy trail that is under a mile long.
  • Find trails near my location.
  • Asphalt Trails.
  • A way to get light exercise.
  • Trails that loop.
Motivations
  • Convenience
  • Fitness
  • A way to get out of the house.
  • Health.
  • Convenience.
Frustrations
  • Rainy days.
  • Long work days.
  • Crowded trails.
  • Having to do an extensive search to find a trial that fits my skill level.
  • No easy way to get details on the trail (at-a-glance details).
Influences
  • Family.
  • Own likes and dislikes.
  • Friends.
  • Coworkers.
  • Advertisements (both digital and print).
Likes
  • Her Peloton bike.
  • Her pets.
  • Family.
  • Her career.
  • Vacationing at the beach.
  • Vlogging.
Skilled Hiker
Portrait of skilled hiker.
Mike Robards
  • Age: 36
  • Gender: Male, Caucasian
  • Family: Divorced, but currently in a relationship, no children
  • Education: Bachelors Degree
  • Location: Asheville, NC
  • Work: Construction Manager
  • Income: $105,000/yr.
Goals
  • Has a bucket list of trails he wants to hike in the near future.
  • Go on a two week outdoor vacation in the Rocky Mountains.
Needs
  • To know where he is on the trail at all times.
  • Alerts to dangerous wildlife near trail.
  • Go off the trail to explore nature (Free roam).
  • Adventuring with his dog.
Motivations
  • Feel the warm breeze on his face as he traverses a rocky slope.
  • Cooking over a camp fire.
Frustrations
  • No cellphone signal on trail.
  • Poorly made hiking gear.
  • Over-worked at the office, and limited free time.
Influences
  • Family.
  • Music.
  • Friends.
  • Coworkers.
  • Advertisements in outdoor-related magazines, and websites.
Likes
  • Hunting.
  • Camping.
  • Tinkering on his pickup truck.
  • His pet Labrador.
  • Outdoors.
  • Snowboarding.

Competitive Analysis

I formed a competitive analysis of competing products on the market to understand how those products solved similar user challenges. And to take note of any unique solutions, and determine if there are any consistent UI patterns across other competitors’ products. I will also take note of UI patterns that are illogical, or confusing and avoid using them in my design.

Sign-up screen from a competitor's trail nav application.

Fun way to guide users through selecting and personalizing the app’s features.

Sign-up screen from a competitor's trail nav application, asking specific user goal questions for how you would like to use the application.
Achievements earned screen from a competitor's trail nav application.

Collectible achievements are a great way to encourage engagement.

Search screen from a competitor's trail nav application for comparison.

Activity type section is easily noticed because of shape differentiation, and pops from other content on screen.

A screen from a competitor's trail nav application for comparison.
Sign-up screen from a competitor's trail nav application for comparison.

I like how this app makes safety a priority when signing up for an account.

Search screen from a competitor's trail nav application for comparison.
Home screen from a competitor's trail nav application for comparison.

With the photo cropped on the right, it’s easy to understand that the list of trails are side-scrolling.

Create

Wireframes

I developed wireframes to propose elements and visualize how the information would be organized for those screens. And to show how exploratory solutions would flow for the app’s users.

Trail nav wireframe of the registration screen.
Registration Screen

Option for single-signin with Apple, Facebook, and Google. Maybe have fewer options?

Alternative wireframe for the trail nav app of the home screen.
Home Screen

Option for for a swipe-up map. Might be to complicated.

Trail nav wireframe of the home screen.
Home Screen

Option for no map at all. Having a map might be useful for getting a bigger picture at-a-glance.

Trail nav wireframe of the trail details screen.
Trail Details Screen

List the most important information first. See survey questions responses for better insight into what the user values most.

Trail nav wireframe of the trail overview screen.
Trail Overview Screen

A visualization of the trail's route outlined on a map of the trail's area.

Trail nav wireframe of the favorites screen.
Favorites Screen

A customizable list for the user's unique preferences on a list of trail-related topical information.

Trail nav wireframe of the profile/account screen.
Account/Profile Screen

Account-related information. Add friends and follow other users location.

High-Fidelity Interactive Prototype

I created a prototype to help me understand how well my concept matches what users' wanted via the feedback I acquired during the discover and define phases of my UX research process.

View Prototype
The home screen of the TrailFindr mobile app, it links to an interactive prototype of the application.

Brand Guide

TrailFindr Brand Guide Cover

I created a brand guide and design system to ensure all visual and messaging elements of the brand are consistent across all channels and touchpoints, to streamline the design process, accommodate the growing needs of the brand, clarify key messaging points, and help differentiate the TrailFindr brand from its competitors. Check out the Brand Guide.

Results

By conducting a usability test, I gained valuable insights that would have otherwise gone unnoticed. This allowed me to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of how users interact with the application in real-life scenarios. The test revealed multiple design flaws that could have adversely affected the user experience. To improve the application's usability, I addressed some of the most significant user pain points that emerged during the testing process. In the following sections, I will detail these issues and explain how I resolved them.

Issue 1: Difficulty finding the record your activity location

7 of 8 test participants could not find the location of the, “track your fitness activity” feature on the app’s user interface.

Observation:

I observed 88% of test participants repeatedly checked the Trail Details location to try and complete this task there.

Solution:

Add a button/link to track an activity on the Trail Details screen below the trail description section.

Before
The trail details screen before user testing iteration.
After
The trail details screen after user testing iteration.
Before
Navigation menu before user testing iteration.
After
Navigation menu after user testing iteration.

Issue 2: Main menu icons are not understandable

Menu bar icons were not easily understood by the test participants.

Solution:

Add title text under each icon to denote what the icon means to reduce confusion.

Issue 3: The “You are here” pin on trail maps is not visible

The “You are here” pin on the map on the home screen is hard to locate.

Solution:

Make this indicator more visible by using a contrasting color that is easily noticed against the muted background. And added a pulse animation to the pin to have it stand out even further.

Before
Application map before user testing iteration.
After
Revised home screen with user feedback incorporated.
Before
Application map after user testing iteration.
After
Revised connections screen with user feedback incorporated.

Issue 4: Difficulty locating the connect with friends button

Test participants had a hard time finding the connect with friends button, it was not visible to them on the Profile screen.

Observation:

I noted that 5 of the 8 participants would scroll below the green button with the words “Connect with friends” and then scroll back past the target button again. They would then leave the profile screen to search in a different part of the prototype to complete their task. They would eventually return to the profile section and find the button to complete their task.

Solution:

I move the connect with friends button to the top of the current section. The tab structure confused several test participants and I removed it from the UI and added some white space around the button to make it more noticeable.

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